By pigments we mean inorganic and organic substances of natural origin, which are used as a coloring agent and are insoluble in the corresponding solvents and binders.
High requirements for dyes for permanent makeup are explained by the fact that pigments used for micropigmentation of facial skin must be especially resistant to fading and have low solubility in aqueous solutions.
Along with the high quality of the pigment, the correct ratio of all components of the color mixture: fats, alcohol, excipients, as well as the pH value is crucial to obtain a good result. Natural inorganic pigments are, for example, ocher, umber, burnt sienna, red iron oxide, etc. Artificial inorganic pigments, or mineral dyes - titanium white, ultramarine, chrome green, carbon black - are obtained by chemical and physical transformations of inorganic starting substances. The choice of pigment is based on its chemical structure, crystalline form, particle size, color tone, brightness, physical and chemical stability and purity. In addition to the complete insolubility of the pigment, it is important to achieve a uniform distribution of its particles in the binder.
Dyes for permanent makeup are never alkaline, otherwise contact with them would be dangerous for the mucous membranes.
Pigments and their varieties are more often used on the skin in the areas of the lips, eyelids and eyebrows, the suitability of which has been verified by numerous tests and long-term practice in accordance with cosmetic regulations. In particular, contact of some pigments with mucous membranes is not allowed. Tattoo dyes can cause severe damage to the eye: discoloration, inflammation, and scarring. They contain a solvent designed for specific pigments. The pH of some dyes can actually reach acidic levels, which can cause burns to the mucous membranes. When lining your eyelids, there is a danger that the dye will get into the tear duct!
The user of permanent or microblading pigment is responsible for careful and appropriate use of the intended pigment, as well as for any damage caused by improper use.
To summarize, the basic requirements for permanent makeup pigments:
- Hypoallergenic
- Color stability
- Longevity in skin
- Gradual washout from the skin
- Natural color shade
- Insolubility in water
- Storage stability
